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- Macintosh Display Cards Question & Answer
-
-
- Q. Why is 24-bit color called "true color"?
-
- A. By mixing red, green and blue hues, the eye can determine about 7 million
- different colors. However, we see certain colors, mostly oranges and reds,
- better than others. Because of this the computer must overcompensate in these
- areas to accomplish what the human eye recognizes as "true color" and thus most
- experts agree that 16.7 million colors are necessary to obtain photo-quality
- images.
-
- 24 bits per pixel is the amount of depth needed to achieve 16.7 million colo
- on the computer (photographic quality). In May 1989, Apple began shipping
- 32-Bit QuickDraw which supports 24-bit, true color. The Macintosh Display Card
- 8.24 provides the hardware needed to make 24-bit color mainstream on the
- Macintosh.
-
- Q. If 24-bit is true color, then why 32-Bit QuickDraw?
-
- A. 32-Bit QuickDraw assigns 32 bits to every pixel on the display. But only 24
- bits of the 32 bits are needed to represent colors. The remaining 8 bits are
- currently unused, and reserved for future use in video overlay and special
- video effects applications. This extra information is sometimes referred to as
- the alpha channel.
- 32-Bit QuickDraw was designed with these future uses in mind.
-
- Q. Why is Apple offering both a 4.8 version and an 8.24 version of the
- Macintosh Display Card?
-
- A. We have found that with our current video cards, many customers prefer to
- have a lower cost option which will allow them to upgrade capabilities in the
- future. The Macintosh Display Card 4.8 allows these customers to take
- advantage of multimonitor support and 16 to 256 colors/grays at a lower price
- while retaining the option of true color and true gray scale when they require
- it by purchasing an upgrade kit.
-
- Q. The new display cards use custom designed components. Isn't this limiting
- the expansion potential of Macintosh?
-
- A. Macintosh Display Cards 4.8, 8.24, and 8.24 GC use Apple-designed components
- to provide increased functionality while maintaining aggressive pricing. These
- components are designed to accomplish specific tasks and do not affect the
- expansion potential of Macintosh. The Macintosh II modular line of computers
- maintain an open architecture by using NuBus expansion slots to allow third
- parties to expand the capabilities of the computer.
- Q. People have stated that 24-bit color is slow on a Macintosh. Will the
- Macintosh Display Card 8.24 solve this problem?
-
- A. With true color images, the user is manipulating four times the amount of
- data involved in simpler 8-bit images. Macintosh Display Card 8.24 was
- designed with the capabilities of the Macintosh in mind and has been optimized
- to give the best possible performance in 24-bit true color without a graphics
- accelerator. The Macintosh Display Card 8.24 GC (graphics coprocessor) will
- provide 5 to 30 times faster drawing for graphics-intensive applications on any
- modular Macintosh in thousands of applications.
-
- Q. Will Apple develop an SE/30 version of these new display cards?
-
- A. Apple doesn't have any plans to make an SE/30 version of the new cards.
- Apple invests in card expansion technology to advance the state of Macintosh
- technology and provide new functionality. We have found that the best way to
- do that is to focus on NuBus-based cards and modular Macintosh systems.
-
- Q. Are there special power requirements for the new display cards?
-
- A. There are no special requirements for either card, but customers who fill
- all NuBus slots with cards should always be careful not to overload the
- Macintosh. Many cards, like Macintosh Display Card 8.24 GC, require more power
- than other cards. The 8.24 GC card, for example, requires 20 watts of power.
-
- Q. What is Apple Convolution?
-
- A. Convolution is a mathematical process which reduces the amount of flicker
- that is produced when showing computer-generated images on interlaced devices
- such as televisions and VCRs. Rapid transitions in color or thin one-pixel
- lines appear to flash when displayed on these devices.
-
- Apple Convolution averages the space between lines of an image to
- significantly reduce this flicker. Apple Convolution is designed into the
- hardware of the Macintosh Display Card 8.24 and 8.24 GC, thus reducing the cost
- of this functionality. Apple Convolution is available to interlaced displays
- at up to 8 bits per pixel (256 colors).
-
- Q. What happens to the current line of video cards once the new cards are
- introduced?
-
- A. The Macintosh Display Card 4.8 is the extended version of every video card
- we sell today. It will ultimately replace all but the Macintosh II Monochome
- card. We will retain this video card to provide an entry level,
- low-cost display option.
-
- Q. How does this announcement impact Apple's third-party video card
- manufacturers?
-
- A. Apple's goal for these display cards is to raise the standard of Macintosh
- graphics and to offer a wider range of integrated graphics capabilities to a
- broader base of customers.
-
- We rely on our third parties to build upon the base capabilities of these
- cards and provide Macintosh users with products that offer solutions beyond the
- standard options which Apple provides. We see this as a positive step in
- encouraging developers to create new and exciting uses for the Macintosh.
- Third parties have developed some great products for Macintosh in the past and
- we believe that they will continue to do so in the future.
-
- Q. Does the Macintosh Display Card 8.24 GC accelerate printing?
-
- A. No, it is a video card and drives the graphics that are displayed on the
- screen. This card will not affect printing.
-
- Q. Does the Macintosh Display Card 8.24 GC accelerate applications that do not
- use QuickDraw (like PostScript applications)?
-
- A. The Macintosh Display Card 8.24 GC is a QuickDraw-based accelerator and thus
- the amount of increased speed primarily depends upon how much an application
- takes advantage of QuickDraw. However, even those applications that draw to
- the screen using their own algorithms (such as PostScript) will still
- experience increased speed in window-handling and other Macintosh interface
- operations.
-
- Q. Do you need a separate video card for use with the Macintosh Display Card
- 8.24 GC?
-
- A. No. The Macintosh Display Card 8.24 GC is a combined graphics accelerator
- and video card: no other card is needed for it to operate. It does not
- prevent customers from using multiple video cards and monitors and will, in
- fact, speed graphics on monitors attached to other video cards, though
- performance will always be fastest on displays connected directly to it.
-
- Q. What applications are expected to benefit the most from the Macintosh
- Display Card 8.24 GC?
-
- A. As long as the application uses QuickDraw, the Macintosh Display Card 8.24
- GC will move the graphics involved faster. Thus, even in the Finder, there is
- marked improvement in graphics responsiveness. This is a key benefit of the
- 8.24 GC card--it is application independent. Because of the software
- integration of the Macintosh and the system software provided by Apple, all
- applications gain increased performance through the acceleration of QuickDraw.
-
- Applications that spend a great deal of their time drawing to the screen and
- those which make the fullest use of the QuickDraw imaging model will benefit
- most from the Macintosh Display Card 8.24 GC. Thus the performance of desktop
- publishing applications, drawing applications and engineering applications will
- significantly improve. Because these applications spend a large percentage of
- time moving pixels around on the screen, accelerating these actions will result
- in speedier redraws and a more responsive interface.
-
- Another area that will obtain significant benefit from the Macintosh Display
- Card 8.24 GC is applications that fully utilize 24-bit true color images and
- large screen displays that use 8-bit gray scale or color. These applications
- move around a great amount of data in displaying images. The 8.24 GC card will
- significantly improve the performance of these types of applications.
-
- Q. Why did Apple choose the AMD Am29000 RISC chip?
-
- A. The technology incorporated into each Apple product is evaluated and chosen
- with a specific set of goals in mind. We chose the Am29000 RISC chip primarily
- because of its general processor capabilities. It can be programmed to do a
- great many things in different ways and do them quickly. This is important
- because the QuickDraw environment involves a lot of processing that is not
- directly related to drawing on the screen, like window and control management.
- This involves manipulating many data structures, in addition to simply drawing
- quickly. The Am29000 handles both these chores.
-
- Q. Does this mean that Apple will use the Am29000 in upcoming RISC-based
- computers?
-
- A. Apple is continually investigating new technologies and advancements in
- personal computer design and RISC is certainly one of these technologies. It
- would be premature to provide any further information.
-
- Q. Can the Macintosh Display Card 8.24 GC be upgraded?
-
- A. As Apple updates the QuickDraw imaging model and Macintosh system software,
- the 8.24 GC card can be reprogrammed to take advantage of these enhancements by
- simply changing a software file. As a result, customers who purchase the 8.24
- GC card can be assured that the card will integrate well with future Macintosh
- system software enhancements as well as supporting new QuickDraw features.
-
- The Macintosh Display Card 8.24 GC can also be upgraded through the use of a
- DRAM upgrade kit. The kit provides 2MB of DRAM. Applications can then use
- this memory, through QuickDraw, to create off-screen bit maps and graphic
- images. Applications that make use of this feature can be written to perform
- even better in an 8.24 GC-based environment, while still acting normally in
- non-equipped machines. Image-intensive applications such as animation and
- presentation software are expected to make the best use of the additional DRAM.
-
- Q. Who's going to use these cards?
-
- A. We believe these cards are mainstream products that will appeal to a broad
- base of customers using a variety of applications. Because 24-bit color is
- completely integrated into the Macintosh environment, a wide range of programs
- can take advantage of these cards. For example, word processing applications;
- presentation and desktop publishing applications; and design and modeling
- applications can all make use of these capabilities. Apple also expects to see
- new classes of applications taking advantage of these capabilities in the
- future.
-
-
- Q. Can developers design applications that write specifically to the Macintosh
- Display Card 8.24 GC?
-
- Since this card is a QuickDraw coprocessor, writing for the 8.24 GC card and
- writing for QuickDraw are the same thing. Applications that use QuickDraw to
- its fullest will take greatest advantage of the acceleration the Macintosh
- Display Card 8.24 GC can provide. In addition, new features of 32-Bit
- QuickDraw including off-screen graphics images and asynchronous QuickDraw
- commands can help applications gain even more benefit if the GC card is
- present.
-
- Q. Is there any upgrade from the Macintosh Display Card 8.24 to the Macintosh
- Display Card 8.24 GC?
-
- A. No, it is not possible to upgrade an 8.24 card to an 8.24 GC card. We
- considered this option, however, we would have had to make too many design
- comprises that would have lessened the performance of the GC card.
-
- Q. Can I use a third-party video card with the Macintosh Display Card 8.24 GC?
-
- A. Third-party video cards will work seamlessly with all the new display cards
- in multiple display configurations. Though the GC card will achieve the
- fastest drawing speed on its own display, it will accelerate graphics on other
- video cards as well, especially third-party video cards that provide NuBus
- block transfer capabilities.
-
- Q. Can I use a third-party monitor with the new display cards?
-
- A. Third-party displays that are compatible with Apple monitors (they use the
- same timing or can sync to the video signal) can be used with all the new
- cards. We expect to see a number of third-party products working with the new
- cards.
-
- Q. Do the new cards require System Software 6.0.5?
-
- A. The Macintosh Display Card 8.24 and the Macintosh Display Card 8.24 GC both
- require System Software 6.0.5. System Software 6.0.5 will be bundled with
- these new display cards for 90 days following availability.
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- Apple, the Apple logo and Macintosh are registered trademarks; QuickDraw and
- Finder are trademarks of Apple Computer, Inc. NuBus is a trademark of Texas
- Instruments. PostScript is a registered trademark of Adobe Systems,
- Incorporated. Am29000 is a trademark of Advanced Micro Devices.
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- Press Materials and Information
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